IVC syndrome could cause massive ________ when the ______ vein is involved due to pressure changes in glomerulus.

IVC syndrome could cause massive ________ when the ______ vein is involved due to pressure changes in glomerulus.

• A. Hypertension, hepatic
• B. Proteinuria, renal
• C. Edema, renal
• D. Hematuria, renal

Answer: (B)

When the renal vein is involved in IVC syndrome, venous congestion raises the pressure within the kidney, especially in the glomerular capillaries. That higher glomerular capillary pressure increases the filtration forces across the glomerular barrier, pushing more plasma proteins into the filtrate. The result is massive proteinuria, a hallmark of protein leakage due to glomerular backpressure. Other findings like hypertension would be a systemic issue rather than a direct consequence of renal venous backpressure, and hematuria would point more to damage allowing red cells to leak. Edema can occur later if protein loss reduces plasma oncotic pressure, but the striking feature from this backpressure is heavy proteinuria.

When the renal vein is involved in IVC syndrome, venous congestion raises the pressure within the kidney, especially in the glomerular capillaries. That higher glomerular capillary pressure increases the filtration forces across the glomerular barrier, pushing more plasma proteins into the filtrate. The result is massive proteinuria, a hallmark of protein leakage due to glomerular backpressure.

Other findings like hypertension would be a systemic issue rather than a direct consequence of renal venous backpressure, and hematuria would point more to damage allowing red cells to leak. Edema can occur later if protein loss reduces plasma oncotic pressure, but the striking feature from this backpressure is heavy proteinuria.